Elements of Fiction in Dandelion Wine

Easily Mistaken Imagine, a killer is on the loose in your own town and he is known for murdering young woman in the ravine that splits the town in half. You and your friends decide to go see a movie and you know that by the time that you get out it will be dark and you’ll have to walk down the ravine to your house all alone, which earlier that day your own friend was found dead in, what do you do? This is the decision Lavinia Nebbs is faced with in the book Dandelion Wine by Ray Bradbury.Many elements in the story create lots of suspense; three would be setting, foreshadowing and characterization. The setting played a huge role in the success of the suspense in the story. Since the ravine where the bodies were found split the town, Lavinia was forced to cross it to get home since she decided to not stay with her friends and her safety was questioned. â€Å"The ravine was deep black and black black! And the world was gone behind, the world of safe people in bed, the locked doo rs, the town, the drugstore, the theater, the lights, everything was gone† (73).The words used to describe this dark, lonely ravine makes the reader feel as if they were right there standing with Lavinia seeing, hearing and feeling everything that’s going on, along with what’s in her head. It’s scary to think of being alone with not a soul in sight and knowing that there’s possibly a killer out there just waiting. â€Å"Lavinia Nebb walked alone down the midnight street, down the late summer silence. She saw houses with dark windows and far away heard a dog barking† (72).This is also a good example of the description of the setting because the reader can tell how alone she really was do to no one else in town wanting to go out at night with the Lonely One roaming around. It sounds almost like Lavinia is in a deserted town with just her and the ravine. The way Bradbury incorporated nature into the setting also gave it a little more of a spooky feel. â€Å"The crickets were listening. The night was listening to her. For a change all of the far summer-night meadows and close summer trees were suspending motion† (75). This use of personification creates a feeling of uncertainty for the reader.The way that he gives the plants and animals human like qualities and says they are â€Å"listening† to her makes the night sound even more gloomy and eerie. The use of foreshadowing also helped to create suspense in the story. At the beginning of the story when the neighbors said â€Å"Won’t catch us out on no night like this, not with the Lonely One strangling women. Lock ourselves up in our closets with a gun† (64). It gives the reader a little bit of an idea of what might come up in the story, even though the Lonely One only usually strikes once a month and their friend Elizabeth was already found that day.Also knowing that Lavinia will be walking home alone, it causes the reader to worry if she’l l make it home alive or not. Then when they were all at the theater and the manager asks them to leave as soon as the movie was over sounded a little suspicious as well. â€Å"The police have asked us to close early tonight so everyone can be out at a decent hour† (69). This shows that even the police know that anything is possible with a murderer and they don’t just have a specific time that they can or can’t commit a murder so they want everyone in town to be safe. Yet even this doesn’t stop Lavinia from wanting to walk home alone.The ladies didn’t listen to the manager either, instead of going straight home they stopped by the drug store on the way. â€Å"Man sitting at the counter watched you walk out. Said to me ‘Who’s that? ’ Why that’s Lavinia Nebbs, prettiest maiden lady in town, I said† (69). The store manager also told Lavinia and her friends that the stranger asked where she lived and he told him where. It’s assumable that this stranger could quite possibly be the Lonely One and even with that thought in mind Lavinia still decides she’ll be okay walking alone with full knowledge that a stranger, possibly a killer, knows where she’ll be.The last element that created suspense in the story was characterization. The main character Lavinia was portrayed as a fearless, risk taker, who’s overly confident and has no common sense. She felt too safe in a town with a murderer running around and her careless actions could have cost her life. â€Å"’It’s early. Lonely One won’t be out til’ late. ’† (65). This is a quote from Lavinia herself, which alone proves her stupidity. A murderer doesn’t just have a certain time that they check to see and make sure it’s not too late or early, if they want to kill someone they’ll do it no matter the time.It wasn’t smart of her to just assume that he wouldnâ₠¬â„¢t be out early, especially if it was still dark even though it wasn’t that late in the day. â€Å"‘Lonely One won’t kill three ladies,’ said Lavinia, ‘There’s safety in numbers’† (68). She uses the saying â€Å"there’s safety in numbers† when she knows eventually she would be walking alone, therefore she completely contradicts herself. Just to be walking down a ravine alone at night takes no common sense let alone doing it when your own friend just got murdered there and a stranger asked who you are and where you live.She also puts on a fearless act when she’s around her friends but when it came down to her being alone and scared her thoughts ate away at her. â€Å"‘Oh bosh the police,’ laughed Lavinia, ‘I’m not afraid of anything’† (70). She says that she isn’t afraid but the second she’s walking alone down the ravine she catches herself almost runnin g down the steps and swears that she hears someone following her. She then even starts praying to God, and panicking, saying that she’ll never do that again if he just lets her live. Yet when she was with her friends it was as if there was nothing wrong at all.The fact that the story takes place in a town split by a ravine, the hints that the author gives, and how the main character Lavinia changes her attitude completely throughout the story created suspense in Dandelion Wine. The ravine was scary because it was so dark, long and empty, also the murders had been committed in it. The foreshadowing the author used put different thoughts in the reader’s mind of who could be the killer and if Lavinia was going to be the next victim. Also, the decisions she made by not staying with her friends and walking home alone made you wonder if she would even make it there..

Love from the Inside

Shakespearean sonnet 130 â€Å"My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;† is a sonnet written for the common man. It is written in such a simplistic way that anyone can understand the idea Shakespeare is trying to convey. Despite its simple outer appearance, sonnet ass's internal mechanisms are used perfectly to further illustrate Shakespearean point. By using the traditional format of a Shakespearean sonnet, focusing on the renaissances' popular topic of love, and saturating this ideal, Shakespeare enforces the theme-outward appearances are insignificant-in all aspects of his sonnet.Sonnet 130 is easily identified as a Shakespearean sonnet because it contains all of the crucial aspects of one. It has 14 lines arranged in three quatrains and a couplet, an ABA CDC fee egg rhyme scheme written in iambic pentameter, as well as many examples of assonance and similes. The first line's simile, â€Å"My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun;† (line 1) sets the whole mood o f the piece by saying something the reader is definitely not expecting to hear. This isn't the only simile used.Although this is the only line that has a â€Å"like† in it, there are other similes used throughout the sonnet where â€Å"like† or â€Å"as† are implied. â€Å"Coral is far more red than her lips' red,† (line 2) is Just one example of this. â€Å"l have seen roses damasks, red and white/ But no such roses see I in her cheeks,† (Lines 5-6) is the only metaphor in the sonnet, every other comparison is an implied simile. Many of these similes also contained examples of assonance. â€Å"Nothing like the sun,† (Line 1) is a simple example of this.This sonnet is structured exactly how you would expect it to be, however the subject is addressed in such an unconventional way that it will throw you off. Just because all of the numbers look right on paper does not mean that the piece is Just like any other sonnet written in this format. It may share the same format with all of Shakespearean other sonnets, but the way it is written is quite different from all of them. It is satirical not serious. In the renaissance many authors and poets began to obsess on the idea of love. They viewed it as this perfect thing.So many ideas and opinions about love were thrown out in the form of plays, poems, songs, stories, etc. , that it became an unachievable dream due to the high expectations of the lovers. True love was between two perfect people, who looked and acted as such. It was not between two common people who were flawed in their appearance and stature. Shakespeare focuses on love in this sonnet Just as much as those writers and poets did in theirs; the difference is that Shakespeare plays on their perfect ideals to create a satiric portrayal of true love.He says the opposite of what he knows his reader expects to hear in the classic love poem. Instead of long luscious locks cascading down her back, â€Å"black wires grow on her head† (line 4). His mistress didn't float across the ground like a goddess. She instead â€Å"treads on the ground† (line 12). Shakespeare doesn't puff up the notion of love like so many of his colleagues do. He lays the truth out right in front of the reader. The image of love he puts in the reader's mind is not one of beauty.In fact, Shakespeare challenged the says of the common Renaissance love writer in this sonnet by creating a detailed image of a very unattractive woman. A quick glance at the poem may cause you to interpret it as very unkind and degrading, but when you study it more closely you tint that it is actually very nearest and sincere. Tater the lover in this poem goes on and on for 12 lines about how ugly his mistress is, he sums up the true meaning of his rant in the final couplet, â€Å"And yet, by, heaven, I think my love as rare/ As any she belied with false compare. Lines 13-14) In two lines he summarized true love. Everyone feels that the person they love is most â€Å"rare† no matter how wiry their hair might be or how unhorse their cheeks are. There is so much more to love than simply looking the part on the outside, you have to feel it on the inside. Shakespeare wrote it down in this sonnet to show everyone that love is not this lofty expectation that only the best of the best can achieve, it is an emotion shared by everyone no matter what you look like, or from what walk of life you come from. There is a lot to be learned room this sonnet.Not only do the words express a theme of loving inner beauty, but the format it is written in supports this lesson fully. Love in the Renaissance is explored in a unique way and leads to a moral that we can directly apply to our lives. Love is not a foreign concept to most people, understanding that the important part is on the inside is the only way for anyone to embrace love fully. By studying how the structure and format of the sonnet support Shakespearean idea that ou tward appearances are insignificant, we can learn to embrace love fully.

Migration. Multiculturalism. Mobilization Essay

Migration. Multiculturalism. Mobilization - Essay Example Voltaire (quoted above), the French Historian and Philosopher, spoke about the concept of religious diversity centuries ago and reflected a prosperous society as a result of this diversity. Many years, wars and generations later, the world has become a much smaller place especially with the rise of globalization and constant travel of people. The last century on-looked the surfacing of a cluster of social, intellectual and political movements led by diverse factions as the indigenous communities, national minorities, ethno-cultural populations, old and new immigrants, feminists, gay men and women. These inhabitants symbolized distinctive practices, customs, lifestyles, views and ways of life that are different from, often disapproved of, and in varying degrees discouraged and criticized by the prevailing culture of the wider society (Parekh 2000). Ethnic and cultural pluralism that are the foundations of multiculturalism in Western societies, have been a cause of debate and considera ble criticism amongst the politics and general public. This essay studies the role multiculturalism has in the socio-political and economical context. Defining Multiculturalism The conception of multiculturalism symbolizes a relatively new approach to elucidate the age-old process of civilizations and re-settlement. Migration and multiculturalism have become critical points in political agendas across the globe. However, before dwelling into the details of political and sociological complexities of multiculturalism, it is important to understand what the term means and review its available definitions. In his book, Multicultural Citizenship: A Liberal Theory of Minority Rights, Canadian philosopher and multiculturalism researcher Will Kymlicka has discussed upon the conundrum of defining multiculturalism (Kymlicka 1995). He debates that the term multicultural is either too vague, because it clusters multination and poly-ethnic, or is too broad as it can embrace non-ethnic social gro ups, like the disabled, gays and feminists, etc.   This argument over the coverage of the term stems from the scholarly disagreements over definitions of culture.  The following are a number of definitions for â€Å"multiculturalism† in peer-reviewed research: â€Å"Multiculturalism is a system of beliefs and behaviors that recognizes and respects the presence of all diverse groups in an organization or society, acknowledges and values their socio-cultural differences, and encourages and enables their continued contribution within an inclusive cultural context which empowers all within the organization or society.† (Rosado 1996) â€Å" Multiculturalism is the co-existence of diverse cultures, where culture includes racial, religious, or cultural groups and is manifested in customary behaviours, cultural assumptions and values, patterns of thinking, and communicative styles.† (IFLA 2005) â€Å" Multiculturalism can be defined as the challenging, the dismantl ing, the remaking of public identities in order to achieve an equality of citizenship that is neither merely individualistic nor premised on assimilation." (Modood 2005) â€Å"Multiculturalism is concerned with the representation, not of difference as such, but of cultural identities.† (Henry Louis Gates 1993). It should be noted that despite the fact that the term â€Å"cultural identities† is used in defining multiculturalism, the author argues against the inclusion of gender and sexual identities in a culture specific context. Author Dan Rodriguez-Garcia, in his paper on assimilation and multiculturalism, has defined a multiculturalist or pluralist society as â€Å"

Methodology Performance Feedback Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Methodology Performance Feedback - Essay Example The case under consideration is that of Morgan Stanley, which is one of the largest investment banks in US. The firm was facing issues of conflicting goals amongst its various divisions such as corporate finance, merchant banking and mergers and acquisition etc. This problem of disunity occurred as the organization grew larger and larger and the divisions started to focus on the divisional performance and profitability rather than maximizing the targets for the firm itself. Thus, the new CEO John Mack faced the challenge of making Morgan Stanley a "one-firm firm". Therefore, one of the foremost efforts made by John Mack was to unite the people under one umbrella; therefore he improved upon the performance feedback system at Morgan Stanley which until then employees considered as unimportant or of no use. Morgan Stanley was then revolutionizing to ensure its commitment to merit based performance and reward system; there fore whole of the performance measurement system was revamped and restructured. With the previous annual review system the employees were unsatisfied as it was not considered as developmental for the employees rather just a formality.

Criticl nlsys nd evlution of opertions within chosen orgniztion Essay

Criticl nlsys nd evlution of opertions within chosen orgniztion - Essay Example The ctivities within the business division comprise leding business mgzine nd informtion compnies nd worldwide exhibitions business. Ech of these mrkets is lrge nd grows t 4-7 percent nnully. Its two prent compnies--Reed Interntionl P.L.C. nd Elsevier NV--re listed on the msterdm, London, nd New York Stock Exchnges. Reed Elsevier employs over 26,000 people (1). Orgniztionl structure of Reed Elsevier cn be shped within the following four divisions: Science & Medicl, Legl, Eduction nd Business (3). Compny holds number one or two positions in ll of our key mrkets, with strong brnds, content nd mrket rech in ech. Hrcourt Eduction, Reed Elsevier's globl Eduction division, is leding publisher serving the pre-Kindergrten to Grde 12 school, ssessment nd trde publishing mrkets in the US nd primry nd secondry school mrkets interntionlly. Reed Business, Reed Elsevier's globl Business division, is provider of mgzines, exhibitions, directories, online medi nd mrketing services cross five continents. Its prestige brnds serve professionls cross diverse rnge of industries. Trnsformtion hs become wide-used word in the orgniztionl behvior industry of modern ge. There re plenty of sources which introduce nd offer different techniques nd mngement methods to encourge personl nd orgnzitionl trnsformtion. Reed Elsevier's product-mrkets re undergoing rpid nd ccelerting chnges. This mens tht Reed Elsevier will be confronted with the migrtion of informtion from print to electronic formt nd the dditionl interctivity tht electronic services offer. Bsed on this chnge, n Opertion Mnger my orient the principl objective for Reed Elsevier to being n indispensble prtner to their trget consumers for informtion-driven services tht provide solutions cross their three core res of focus. Cpitlizing on the potentil of the Internet seems to be key driver of Reed Elsevier's strtegy. cquisitions nd llinces, prticulrly in the context of Internet development, re used to reinforce Reed Elsevier's strtegy. t this moment, the three core businesses re ll trnsitioning into electronic mrkets. ll of them re becoming more globl, nd the Internet is rpidly becoming the preferred customer ccess system for ll three. Reed Elsevier hs lredy introduced numerous innovtive services nd products. Exmples include the lunch of ScienceDirect, the fully serchble online dtbse comprising content from over 1,000 of their scientific journls. In legl publishing, Butterworths, Reed Elsevier subdivision, lunched Butterworths Direct, the most comprehensive online legl service for English lw. Furthermore, LEXIS-NEXIS, nother subdivision of Reed Elsevier, introduced its universl current wreness web browser product

Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Politics - Essay Example World has been changing enormously hardly looking at damage it is been doing to the environment. The ecological balance of the planet has been destructed greatly due to the industrial waste and carbon emission from transport system. The first world countries have polluted the planet deeply and it is ironical that the same countries encourage third world countries to cut down on pollution. Some have even criticized that sustainable development is provoking the world to step back to pre modern style of living. â€Å"Sustainable Development is often an over-used word, but goes to the heart of tackling a number of inter-related global issues such as poverty, inequality, hunger and environmental degradation† (Shah, 2010).This idea arose from various movement for protecting the nature and environment from the past. This concept gives different meaning to different people and we can see that lot of countries have various policies which encourage environmental sustainability. The sustainable development has been given more importance since the emergence of global warming issue which has threatened the world lately. Global warming has been a phenomenon which has raised much eye brows in recent years. It is an increase in the planets temperature since 20th century and its continuation. The increase of Greenhouse gas has led to the detoriation of the ozone layer .Scientist have found out that the carbon emission have led to the creation of hole in the ozone layer. â€Å"Under the George W. Bush administration, the USA government framed climate change as a threat to core economic interests, questioning the scientific basis for limiting CO2 emissions. Many political leaders in Washington agreed with this†(Humphreys,Pg. 44).Even though a very positive vibe can be seen among governments little is seen towards the practice. Coal and oil usage have made difficult for the US economy to cut the carbon emission. If the rich and

Managing Performance in Turbulent Times Research Paper

Managing Performance in Turbulent Times - Research Paper Example This paper examines how Google competes in the world of the internet and e-commerce. It examines the various points which Google uses to gain an advantage of its competitors and remain at the top of the industry. Barrows & Nechy (2011 p85) identify that the brain behind the success of Google lies in its ability to innovate. As compared to its competitors, Google spends more time and effort to identify new communication systems and methods at different points in time. Although Google started as a search engine company, it spent time and money to research and identify the true needs and desires of customers. In 2005, they launched personal email services which they believed was in demand by the markets. â€Å"They pursue a strategy that aims at increasing the capacity of computers and communication† (Png & Lehman, 2007 p3). This means that research and development are a fundamental part of Google. They put in more effort to find out what consumers need at every point in time and work to provide that specific service according to the highest standards and expectations possible. Google, therefore, sets out to organize the world's information rather than just make a profit for the sake of getting money from the consumers (Carter et al, 2011 p147). They, therefore, try to find ways of satisfying consumer needs at specific times. Google, therefore, has competitors not only in the normal internet companies but also, traditional publishers and other outlets. Google is aware that it operates in one of the most turbulent industries in the world. They, therefore, appreciate the fact that consumer needs change at a regular interval. Google, therefore, changes regularly to meet these demands. On the average, Google makes major changes to its strategy each month (Carter et al, 2011 p148). The internal structures of Google support its vision of leading in innovation. Googles workers are grouped in teams  of 20 – 50 employees under a single manager.

Blacks Leisure Group Plc Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Blacks Leisure Group Plc - Case Study Example Black’s leisure Group Plc is one of the leading retail outdoor and board wear group in United Kingdom. The company carries all its operations under two categories: The Outdoor Group and the Boardwear Division. The Outdoor Group comprises Millets and Blacks, the largest outdoor retailers in the UK, and Freespirit and Mambo, the leading retail chains in the newly emerging UK boardwear market. The Boardwear Division comprises the wholesale and retail arms of the O'Neill brand, one of the world's leading names in boardwear. The Group has the exclusive distribution rights to the brand for the UK. In brief, the company operates more than 450 stores under seven companies- owned and managed retail chains. 1. A macro-environmental and competitive audit The UK Boardwear market has been growing strongly in recent years and is estimated to be worth around  £400m at retail prices. Blacks Leisure is market leader in this fast growing market segment through its O’Neill and Free Spir it businesses. The main competitors for Blacks Leisure Group is Debenhams, JJB Sports, Snow & Rock and Halfords. With an increase in the number of consumers of the broad wear market, the competition has been growing tremendously. A large number of new entrants are seen entering this market in the past few years. However, Blacks Leisure still continues to dominate the market with its large range of products and a large number of outlets. PEST Analysis: PEST analysis is concerned with the environmental influences on a business. The acronym stands for the Political, Economic, Social and Technological issues that could affect the strategic development of a business. Identifying PEST influences is a useful way of summarizing the external environment in which a business operates. Although the PEST analyses rely on past events and experience, it can be used as a forecast of the future (Wilson and Gilligan, 1998). Political factors The political environment is good. The government is stable and reliable, even if Britain fails to achieve total agreement with some EU policies from time to time. At present no EU directives are known which will have a direct effect on the UK sports or outdoor wear retail industry in the near future. Due to the EU membership a trend can be seen towards stricter environmental protection legislation. This may have a direct or indirect effect on Blacks Leisure Plc or its suppliers. Economic factors Looking at the economic environment, it is somewhat tricky since on one hand there is the strong sterling compared to the Euro. Euroland encourages imports and endeavors to hold domestic prices at an attractive level. But on the other hand it is difficult for UK to be competitive outside its boundaries because of the high pound sterling exchange rate against the Euro. As Blacks Leisure Group sells about 92% in the UK marketplace, this may currently only have a limited effect, but could be more important in the future when thinking globally. Social factors In the present world scenario it is being observed that the people retire earlier these days, and are working for shorter hours as well. Average working hours per week have decreased over the last 20 years. As a result people have more spare time. This means they have time to compare prices in the High Street and the quality of goods and services from retailers. As a result they are spending more time comparing different sellers. Another issue these days is the "Green environmental issues". A large number of people are getting concern over the environment and thus are getting in the depth of the production cycle of products. Blacks Leisure is taking different steps to assure people that they operate as an eco-friendly environment. Technological factors Another issue is the speed of technological transfers which also has an impact on the industry - it is not comparable with the fast growing internet business - but nevertheless it

Genesis 1-11 is structured in such a way to reflect certain Essay

Genesis 1-11 is structured in such a way to reflect certain distinctive Israelite articles of faith. Discuss - Essay Example and as, it introduces not only the beginnings of the world but specifically, the formation of Israel as God’s chosen people giving them a sense of religious identity (Gooder 2000, p. 2). The book of Genesis, which in Hebrew is ‘Bereshit’, generally translated as ‘In the beginning’ (Zucker 2005, p. 31), can be divided topically into two parts: the Primeval History (1-11) and the Patriarchal History (12-50) or genealogically into 11 parts: general creation (1:1-11: 3), man’s creation (2:4-4:26),Adam-Seth’s generation (5:1-6:18), Noah-Shem’s generation (6:9-9:29), Noah’s sons’ generation (10:1-11:9), Shem’s generation (6:10-11:26), Terah- Abraham, the chosen seed (11:27-25:11), Ishmael’s generation (25:12-25:18), generation of Isaac-Jacob, chosen seed (25:19-35:29, Esau’s generation (36:1-37:1) and generations of Jacob-Joseph, chosen seed (37:2-50:26); or according to general subject analysis: generation (1-2), degeneration (3-11), and regeneration (12-l); or into its 2 major divisions: Human Race History (1-11) and Israel’s – the chosen nation’s history (12-50) (Evan s 2009, pp. 11-14). Generally, seven major themes characterise the Book of Genesis: origins, order/meaning in history, blessing, covenant, punishment, sibling conflict, and test of faith. It is filled with various tensions that essentially centre on individual survival: ‘fertility and barrenness’; antagonistic sibling rivalry; hostile interfamilial struggles; jealousy; wives competing for attention from the same husband; starvation; ‘incest, rape and murder;’ threatened and real total destruction; ‘love and exile’. (Zucker, 2005, p. 32-33) For the Israelites, the Book of Genesis stands out from the rest of Torah, and between its topical parts, its Primeval History (Gen 1-11) provides the very foundation of the Israelites monotheistic religion. Genesis 1-11 sets Judaism apart from all other religions with regards to its belief in one omnipotent, omniscient,

Performance Management in International Human Resource Management Essay

Performance Management in International Human Resource Management - Essay Example e to employees that the company is committed to the wellbeing of its employees, and in developing a management that will provide assistance for both the company and its employees. Further, employees are likely to perceive HR practises as effective with the use of communication through information sharing, communicating with supervisors,  promotes employee’s understanding of the purposes and expectations (Edgar & Geare, 2005). Previous studies have stated that HRM practise predicts employee attitudes (Edgar & Geare, 2005). Specifically, when these practises are implemented properly with motivating factor, proper leadership, and communicated well to the employees, the organisation could produce a gratifying attitude from the employees (Edgar & Geare, 2005). In addition, implementing an effective HRM practises could affect the output of the employees in accordance with firm performance. Employees could become more productive and more committed to the organisation (Huselid, 1995; Delaney & Huselid, 1996).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   HRM practise is an important topic in the field of human resource since it increases the level of motivation, working habits, skills, and abilities of employees (Delaney & Huselid, 1996). With good implementation of various HRM practises, organisations could retain talented employees. These could also serve as a communication tool between the employer and the employee since it sends messages that the employee could use to make sense and define the essence of their work (Bowen & Ostroff, 2004). In addition, the existence of HRM practises has positive effects since it delivers a message to employees that the company is devoted to the welfare of the employees, and in developing management that will benefit both the company and its employees. Further, employees are likely to perceive the HRM practises as effective with the use of communication through information sharing, communicating with supervisors,  promotes employee’s understanding of the purposes and

Social Contract Theory of John Locke Essay Example for Free

Social Contract Theory of John Locke Essay Given the honored and extensive authority that the social contract theory upholds, the supposition still endures various assessments. The view that people’s ethical and political responsibilities are reliant upon a contract between them to structure a society is also precisely linked with current ethical and political theory. John Locke (b. 1632, d. 1704), a prominent truth-seeker among other professions of the 17th and early 18th centuries, is primarily recognized for the creation of his influential social contract theory. Censors dispute that most people are raised within an existing society and not presented with opportunity to opt a social contract; therefore, Locke’s social contract theory is considered invalid. Locke’s refute to the censors alleged that a keen understanding of how social contracts transpire must occur prior to the advancement of individuals in the social order. This paper will entail the social contract theory of John Locke and how the values identified are consistent with the criminal justice system (Uzgalis, 2007,  ¶11). The State of Nature. The social contract theory commences with the idea of a state of nature; the central idea that criminal justice systems are not in existence. The breakdown of effects result in the lack of protection provided; the inability to instill safety measures; and the neglect of civil rights pertaining to property and to individualized refuge. Public order is in disarray resulting in people relying on self-help methods to resolve differences of opinion. The individuality of existence within a state of nature is one of the primary areas under discussion that differences occur among social contract philosophers. Unlike Thomas Hobbes, John Locke’s colleague in philosophy, whom references a state of nature as a battle of everyone in opposition to one another, Locke references state of nature, not as a circumstance of warfare, but nevertheless a problem. Locke theorizes that a community not possessing access to a normal arbitrator would signify that each person would mediate individual cases. This style of adjudication would create recurrent heated discussions being settled by personal brutality. Despite the different thinking techniques of Locke and Hobbes, the agreement exists that the state of nature would generate a sadistic and apprehensive atmosphere (Reese, 2001,  ¶11-12). The State of Nature is a condition of ideal and inclusive autonomy to manage life in the best method one deems necessary, according to Locke. To add clarity, Locke’s proposal was not to include the freedom to do whatever one desires despite the consequences. Although the State of Nature presents a status that municipal influence and government does not discipline individuals for illegal indiscretions, doctrines remain in subsistence. Furthermore, the State of Nature assumes equivalency to others and is equally skilled to make determinations ensured by, what Locke claims, the foundation of decency; the Law of Nature. Locke’s viewpoint is that the Law of Nature was provided to mankind by God with the instructions not to cause injury to one another in regard to physical condition, independence, existence, and property. In Locke’s words, â€Å"Moral good and evil is only the conformity or disagreement of our voluntary actions to some law, whereby good or evil is drawn on us, from the will and power of the law-maker† (Laslett, 1967, p.18). Locke refutes Hobbes theory by making claim that because God owns every living creature, and every human being is considered equivalent, people are not at liberty to eradicate what belongs to God. The State of Nature works as a set of guidelines allowing people to pursue unreservedly happiness by following personal areas of interest and creating personal diplomacy (2001,  ¶3-4). In this observation the decree is established on God’s determination but strangely, the theory is not consistent with Locke’s assertion pertaining to the Law of Nature. Locke elaborates that because the State of Nature is reasonably passive; people are entitled to seek this happiness free from hindrance. Although the hypothesis is to some extent contradicting, Locke’s theory does add simplicity to the reasoning of why an unbiased criminal justice system is detrimental to society. Two Treaties on Government Locke surmised in the Two Treaties on Government, 1686, originally people agreed to a governmental social contract to ensure safeguarding of property rights and security from aggression. In lieu of defense, community members presented authorization to the government for verification that community members wished to be presided over. Locke made public the claim that any government official can justifiably be replaced if he or she neglects duties or takes advantage of the position. Locke’s view of righteousness is germane to the debate of the United States Criminal Justice System because initiators depended upon Locke’s words of wisdom to direct the assembly of an organization of self-governing supremacy. Undeniably, numerous pieces of the United States Declaration of Independence duplicate portions of Locke’s Second Treatise precisely. For example, citizens are gifted â€Å"with certain unalienable rights . . . governments come about to secure the rights and to gain just powers from the consent of the governed† (Laslett, 1967, p. 61). Locke’s statement pertaining to how disparaging the government can become and the entitlement the community members obtain is also noted in the Declaration of Independence. Locke’s dispute resulted as the starting point for structuring an admired government in addition to a validation for rebellion. Political convictions formerly sustained the proposal of community members providing government requirements. The concept of an innovative social contract in which the government subsisted to provide requirements of the administration created a novel reflection that upheld Lock’s thoughts, â€Å"a person surrendered to the authority of the state only the amount of freedom necessary to ensure protection of the rights of other citizens† (1967, p. 3-7). The fresh proposal concerning contractual association of the government to community members was a creation of an inventive, rising middleclass (1967, p. 15). Conclusion Based on the preceding theories of the highly regarded John Locke, the values identified within the State of Nature are noticeably consistent with the values of existing day criminal justice system. Although challenging, without the basis of Locke’s hypothesis on social contract, the criminal justice system would lack genuineness and compassion creating an unreceptive environment. Locke’s theory makes current the immeasurable array of associations and connections interlinking people. Social contract theory is undeniably a part of the criminal justice system at present and in the projected future. Locke’s theory, along with other reputable premises, will forever compel the reflection upon the nature of people and the connection to one another. Reference Laslett, P. (December 1967). Two treaties of government and the revolution of 1688. Locke: Two Treatises of Government. Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought. (ISBN- 13 : 9780521069038 | ISBN- 10: 0521069033). Reese, R. (September 2001). Social justice theory. Journal of Ethics and Justice. Uzgalis, W. (2007). Historical background and locke’s life. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

An Inspector Calls & play Essay Example for Free

An Inspector Calls play Essay Written by J. B. Priestley in 1945, An Inspector Calls is a play that follows the story of the Birling Family and their dealings with a woman, Eva Smith. The Birlings are a wealthy family and are happily celebrating an engagement when their evening is rudely interrupted by a police Inspector investigating the death of a working class girl. Throughout the course of the evening, the Inspector deftly uncovers their dirty little secrets and each of their involvements in the girls death. The play is set in an industrial town in the Midlands called Brumley. During 1912 in the Edwardian era, when the play was set, life was hard for the poor and even harder for women. There was very little help available for people and only the very desperate were given aid and even then they were sometimes not given enough. The local workhouse was available for the sick, old or handicapped but this was an unpleasant place. Women in 1912 were treated as inferior and they could not often do what men could; they were not allowed to vote, they were unlikely to go to university and get decent job and they were expected to give up their jobs once they were married. They did not have the same rights as men. The play starts with a long set of stage directions from which we learn a lot about the Birling family. They are wealthy as they employ a maid. It is also suggests that they are strongly ruled by their social duties and roles because it is said that Mrs Birling is socially superior to Mr Birling suggesting that society plays a big role in the familys life. This is further suggested by the fact that the men wear tails and white ties to a family dinner signifying that the family are very proper and must be formal at all times even in an informal setting. Even though it is quite formal, they are quite happy and cheerful as they have been celebrating a special occasion. The atmosphere is shown by the lighting which should be pink and intimate hinting at a happy care-free family feel. However, when the Inspector comes in, the lighting should be harsher as the entrance of the Inspector destroys the family atmosphere and creates a harsh atmosphere.

A Case study on St Xaviers college in India

A Case study on St Xaviers college in India St. Xaviers college is located in South Bombay or SoBo as its called which has a very distinct culture of its own. Kids come to this college not only from different parts of Mumbai, but India and even from foreign countries. Each brings with them their own culture that eventually pours into the seething, dynamic culture of Xaviers enriching it. We can deconstruct the culture of Xaviers under the following topics which will eventually lead us to the impact of Xaviers culture. A common thread running through activities at Xaviers is excellence both academic and non academic. Academia at Xaviers follows the state syllabus (before autonomy) and has now expanded to include newer schools of thought and added research. The existence of the Honours programme which is an extra credit course is a manifestation of the need for something extra. Each department is allowed a week in which to showcase the work theyve done and share it with the college students and even students of other colleges. Apart from that each department has a film week dedicated to them where all Xavierites are encouraged to attend and contribute. Theyre all for a holistic education. This just means that students, their parents and professors at Xaviers always expect and contribute more than what is stipulated. Every activity/talent at Xaviers is encouraged at some form or another. There are various clubs for film studies, theatre, photography, the Indian Music Group and even social work with t here being a tangible goal every club works to towards the end, like a festival of sorts. Perhaps one of the biggest of these events is Malhar, the annual college festival of Xaviers with colleges from all over India participating and some from abroad. This is one of the biggest mixers and icebreakers that Xaviers kids have since each vertical recruits in the beginning of the college year. Xavierites are also active participants in other college events and more often than not winning accolades and other merit. Students are encouraged to be a part of AISEC and the Mumbai chapter of the MUN. Xavierites play every sport imaginable and the gym is always buzzing with activity. Every class is allowed a Khadala trip, to the Xaviers villa at Khandala to conduct a seminar. This is significant especially for first year students because this is where they actually get to know each other better and settle down as a class picking friends who theyll spend 3 years with and most often stay friends for life with. Another event is the rural camp which the Social Service League (SSL) organizes. Apart from this they have exchange programmes with foreign colleges. They also have tie-ups with local NGOs where students are expected to undertake 60 hours of voluntary social service as part of their Social Involvement Programme (SIP). PHYSICAL ARTIFACTS One of the main enduring images of the culture at Xaviers is the building with its Gothic architecture and rough stone walls. Every arch and gargoyle is dear to kids studying there even years after they pass out. Shobha De, an alumnus of the college, speaking at the 140th anniversary celebrations said, the very edifice and rock of Xaviers, apart from the memories, is why we hurry back whenever theres an opportunity. To see the lives we celebrated here, our glorious years, the walls now resound with 140 years of stories and whisper it to us when we listen closely. Sitting in a high-ceilinged, wooden floored classroom as a fan spins lazily overhead while students intently listen to or discuss in class is what most people remember about the classes. In terms of physical spaces, the foyer, woods (ironically with 2 and a half trees), the arches, library and chapel are places where the kids spend free period or hangout after class. This is where they interact with each other, not just people from their class or department. The foyer is a hive of activity and is where most of the eating takes place. Oddly enough, so is Father Terrys room. Father Terence Quadros is perhaps one of the luckiest priests on campus. This on campus counsellor is who most of the women (and some men) on campus turn to to pour their heart out, sift through their troubles or just take a nap. His office has cushions, rocking chairs, lazy chairs, blankets, medicines, soft toys and a willing ear. BEHAVIOURAL PSYCHOLOGICAL To be very honest, Xavierites have an air about them. Theyre not necessarily snobbish but as Pearl Fernandes, a Third Year Mass Media student, puts it, We feel we have a right to act the way we do because somehow we feel superior. It isnt a superiority complex but were cool like that. People assume that if youre from Xaviers that makes you automatically smart, socially responsible (fill in any superlative adjective). Everything conveys this attitude, from the way they talk to the way they dress. Xavierites are distinctly divided into groups irrespective of what theyre studying. Each group dresses and behaves similarly but all-in-all theyre coloured with the same Xaviers brush. You have the Jocks: kids who play multiple sports and have a fit, athletic toned body. It doesnt only refer to men but the women also. They usually dress in track pants (or shorts in the morning if theyre playing) and vests. Then you have the cheerleaders. Theyre not really cheerleaders but theyre size is in binary digits i.e. either 1 or 0 and they dress like models (actually some even are models). They are characterized by styled hair, manicured hands, a la mode dressing and perfect accessories and make-up. The drama-lit group are people who are part of the drama club and people who write irrespective if theyre taken English lit or not. They usually congregate on the hostel steps and tree trunks to sit and discuss a new book, movie or play. They dress in kurtas and jeans and tote jholas. The women pr efer having an Indian look about them be it wooden earrings or a thick metal kada with their hair tied in a bun. Then theres the science group whore busy completing journals all through their break trying to stuff their mouths with something before another long session of practicals begin. They may or may not be wearing lab coats but in their bags they have all hokum pokum stuff like nichrome wires, vials of goop to test and petri dishes or something. Then there are the musicians. People who belong to a band either in Xaviers or outside or play an instrument are part of this group. Theyre easily identified by their guitar or violin cases and in some situations even the odd synthesizer or drum-sticks. Theyre also trailed by their groupies who could also be part of the cheerleaders. These guys sit around the BCR (boys common room) practicing or singing or doing something musical. Then you have the Goths and sloths. People whove made crumpled clothes a fashion statement. Theyre fashionably messily dressed, mismatch day is every day and theyre generally socially inclined. Another large group is the behenji group. These are kids (mostly women) who dress simple, oil and part their hair and behave like theyre already 40. Then there are the dope-heads who more often than not also belong to the abovementioned groups (excluding the behenjis whod get a heart attack if accused of such a thing). There are also the dancers who include the cool b boys, hip hop, contemporary dancers etc that win every competition and perform at every occasion. They look lik e theyve just finished shooting for Step Up 2: the streets. Everybody at Xaviers in highly sociable and talk to each other but there are clear cut definitions of who will talk to who. Like the dancers would never talk to the behenjis who would never talk to the dope-heads who would be ignored by the cheerleaders etc. like every organization, Xaviers has its own pecking order and politics is rampant. Peer pressure has a huge impact on the way people behave at Xaviers. At this age, friends are everything. People wont date someone their friends dont approve of etc. The Holy Trinity i.e. the CP, and 2 VCPs of Malhar are treated like Gods. Theyre the most coveted positions in all the land. Student council be damned, people pray to be elected to the top 3. Its almost like being president and ruler at the same time. One weird custom that Xavierites have is when theyre hanging out in the foyer and a glass bottle breaks they all clap. Shuba, a third year Microbiology Student says, no matter how stupid you think it is in your head, when the bottle breaks all your snobbishness goes out of the window and you clap just like the rest, grinning all the while. Its fun. VALUES, SCHEMAS MEANINGS Xavierites, on campus, are highly disciplined. They have this ingrained discipline bone that doesnt allow them to be truly disruptive. Not to say that they dont toe the line or dont rebel when they feel it necessary, they do. But catch one of them driving drunk or brawling in the street. It hasnt happened yet. Theres an unwritten code of ethics that no one need tell you. You just feel it when youre initiated as a student. Another sort of common understanding is that no one plays any game in the first quadrangle (1st quad) during college hours. It isnt forbidden by the admin but the kids realize that the first quad is surrounded by classes and it might get disrupted. The kids also have a no littering policy and kids who litter soon learn they have to obey the norm or peer pressure will see that they conform. The kids are also highly intolerant of extremist ideologies or inclinations other than Star Wars and Lord of the Rings and Gossip Girl. They respect peoples opinions but wont have it thrust on them. Which is also why poor little Aditya Thakeray finds himself friendless and alone after his protesting debacle. 2. Its mission proper is its dedication to research, teaching and the various forms of cultural service, as the indispensable horizon and context for a genuine preservation, renewal and communication of knowledge and human values, to strive for an intellectual endeavour that focuses on critical and creative thinking, with the aim of social transformation. Functional Aspects of St. Xaviers College 1. Attendance: St. Xaviers very particularly follows the 75% attendance rule for each subject as dictated by the Maharashtra board of Education the University of Mumbai. Attendance is strictly taken by the professor in charge at the start/ end of each lecture in order to ensure that no proxy attendance is given. At the end of each month they come up with a black list of attendance defaulters as a warning to those falling short of attendance. And at the end of each semester they come up with a defaulters list which includes the names of students who have defaulted on attendance throughout the semester. Such students are then requested to meet with the principal of the college and are also required to call their parents to college for a meeting with the principal. So strict they are about their attendance that many defaulters of attendance at the 12th Grade in the college are refused admissions to the degree college at St. Xaviers. 2. Beyond the Text Book: In line with the research inclination that St. Xaviers possesses, even students are encouraged to seek knowledge beyond what is achieved from the prescribed text books. For this they have in place an Honours Programme- a one of its kind programme which isnt offered by any other college in the city of Mumbai. Here students are encouraged to engage into small scale research studies, do paper presentations, attend seminars and lectures organised by the college for which the students are given credits. Thus this gives the students an opportunity to learn beyond their own specializations as credits across verticals can also qualify the student for the Honours Certificate. Thus St. Xaviers is an organisation that greatly emphasizes vitality and growth 3. Cultural Activities: St. Xaviers College, Mumbai has been judged the best college for all round development by many surveys conducted only because of the attention it pays to extra-curricular activities like performing arts literary arts. It also plays hosts at Malhar- the oldest and most popular under graduate college festival where it encourages students from other colleges to participate in the various events that take place during Malhar. The college also gives a platform to students who are interested in theatre to display their talents during the theatre festival -Ithaka. There are numerous opportunities provided to the students to display their talents both on and off campus. Active encouragement and financial support is provided to the students for the same. Students are provided platforms to display their managerial abilities by organising Malhar, Ithaka Jan Fest- the annual classical music concert held on campus each year. Thus St. Xaviers contrary to popular belief doesnt incline itself only to western values and art but encourages its students to be sensitive to other cultural and traditional forms of art. They have a strong sense of purpose which is excellence in the fields of academics and beyond. 4. Sensitivity to the less fortunate: Being an institution run by Jesuit priests, St. Xaviers has been very actively involved in the upliftment of less fortunate people and others with special needs. They have a number of social societies on campus like the social service league that undertake blood donation drives and visits to old age homes on a frequent basis. This develops a sense of sensitivity among the students to those who arent as blessed as them. In addition to this, St. Xaviers also houses the Xaviers Resource Centre for the Visually Challenged (XRCVC) which provides equipment and other aids for the visually challenged students to learn and make the whole process of learning, reading and writing easier. St. Xaviers College therefore is an institution that believes that world class education is the right of people even with physical handicaps and undertakes efforts to minimise the discomfort they may experience in a setting where everyone else does not face the problems they do. St. Xaviers College has the Soci al Involvement Programme (SIP) which is a mandatory prerequisite to be eligible for the Honours Certificate at the end of Degree College. Under this programme students have dedicate a certain number of hours per week working at non profit organisation or undertake any other form of social work and maintain a diary with their learnings from the same. St. Xaviers College therefore makes its students realise that for all that they are gaining from the society; they are liable to give back something to it as well. Thus St. Xaviers tries to emphasize growth not only in externally and mentally, but spiritually as well. 5. Mentorship There is an informal mentorship program in place for all students at St. Xaviers. No faculty or admin member is inaccessible to the students of the college. There is constant guidance given from various people be it spiritual, career guidance or even counselling. Students are constantly made aware of newer career opportunities and are encouraged to hone their skills in various fields. They provide guidance not only during the time they are in college but also after they pass out. The areas of discussion are not related just to academics and careers but also move beyond them like relationships and families. Professors behave more like friends rather than teachers. The aim of all round development of the students trickles down to the lowest level of the teaching hierarchy, which is the aim in almost every student- teacher interaction. Thus there is great tolerance for expression which is reason they believe that it is central to all round development of each student. Dysfunctional Aspects of St. Xaviers College 1. Lack of transparency at the time of selection of volunteers at Malhar. The hierarchy at Malhar is such: President Vice President (Conclave) Vice President (Management) Vice President (Events) OCs (Organising committee) OCs (Organising committee) OCs (Organising committee) OGs Organiser OGs Organiser Reservation Volunteers Volunteers At the presidential and vice presidential level, appointment takes places after the faculty members interview potential candidates. Selection therefore takes place on the basis of merit after considering the achievements and credentials of each candidate. However as one moves lower in the hierarchy, selection is up to the discretion of the people just above them. as a result appointment to the OC, OG and volunteer level mostly takes place on the basis of favouritism. Malhar therefore for quite some time has had a bad name for the politics underlying the selection procedure as there are no set rules, guidelines or standards for selection into the various verticals. Therefore sometime students are left pretty confused as they have no reasons as to why they did not get into the departments of their choice. It is a little bewildering for the freshers in the college, especially because there is a lot of ambiguity in the selection procedure and they are not aware about what exactly needs t o be done to get into the department of ones choice. 2. No hostel for girl students. St. Xaviers College is a very popular college for many aspiring students all over the country. There are many students who do not belong to Mumbai but come from as far as the North East and Kerala. This includes an equal mix of both boys and girls. However they St. Xaviers College does not have provisions for a girls hostel on campus. Even during the days preceding Malhar, when it is absolutely essential to have manpower on campus to ensure the smooth execution of the festival, permission is easily granted to boys to stay over on the campus, but not for women who are expected to look in the vicinity outside campus for accommodation. This is done because of some traditional and moral values that the Jesuit priests adhere to religiously. They do not encourage the intermingling of sexes beyond a certain point. And even though it may be troublesome for the girl students at times like these, they are quite unwilling to bend the rules. 3. Too much stress and few seats for desired specializations St. Xaviers College is one of the best colleges for arts and science in the country. However the number of seats available for the most popular and in demand specializations is very few. Therefore there is immense competition and stress in order to get those coveted seats. The level of stress is very high during the second year of Degree College which is the most crucial part of the entire 3 year degree course. Students are expected to be actively involved in the department work, make paper presentations and excel in academics. A minor glitch in any of these areas may cost them a seat in their choice of specialization. Thus the level of stress is very high during this period. It breeds competition among peers and creates and unease which is only placated only after final selection. 4. Reservations St. Xaviers College being a catholic institution was built for the purpose of serving the minority Christian community. Under provisions made by the central government, educational institutions can reserve up to 50% of their seats for minority communities. Therefore St. Xaviers College also applies the same and 50% of the seats are reserved for the Christian community. This is a situation that is prevalent among most other educational institutions in the city. It creates an unfair advantage to those who belong to the particular community. In the same class there can be students who havent done equally well in the same exam and have been admitted because of the reservation system. The level of achievement and intelligence is not the same among the students. And the same parameters are not placed equally for all students to gain admission to a particular course. 3. ACTIONS PLANS: 1. Lack of transparency in the selection procedure for Malhar: a. Formalise a set of rules, procedures and pre- requisites essential in order to qualify for the various positions at Malhar. b. Have an admin/ faculty member preside over each selection procedure after college hours. c. Undertake a training programme to sensitise the students higher up in the Malhar hierarchy to the various nuances and aspects of the selection procedure. This would enlighten them on how to effectively select people who would be an asset to the various verticals. d. Establish a punitive system or a watchdog or some sort of feedback system in place in order to ensure that the set procedures are being followed. e. Conduct orientation sessions for the volunteers on the process of selection and the people to approach in case the procedures arent being followed. f. However it is essential that the students in the organising committees have some say in the selection procedure. There should always be room for them to use their own intuitions and discretion. Malhar shouldnt become a centrally controlled organisation as it has always been a student run body in the college. 2. No hostel for girl students. a. firstly there is a great need to enlighten both faculty and students on the rationale behind the refusal to permit girls to stay overnight on campus. b. a dialogue must take place between these parties putting forward their concerns and reasons their respective requests and demands. c. the administrations must consider relaxing the rules under special circumstances when it is absolutely essential that the girl students stay on campus. For instance, the days preceding Malhar Jan Fest. d. The college must also have tie ups with various womens hostels in the vicinity and must assist female student in acquiring accommodation. When a particular hostel is vouched for by the management of the college, the parents of these students are more likely to find them reliable and will probably not worry about the safety and well being of their children. 3. Too much stress and few seats for desired specializations a. given the rising amount of stress and the consequences faced among students of standard tenth and twelfth, it has become imperative that the college increase the number of seats for the most popular and in demand specializations. No person should be denied a seat in any specialization since it is the question of their careers and marks obtained in an exam are too shallow a deciding factor in imposing a life changing decision on a particular candidate. b. it is essential to have occasional briefing sessions on the progress of each student during the entire year and let him know his chances of making it to the department of his choice. He/ she should be told explicitly of what are the necessary requirements to get the specialization. c. the teachers must be trained to identify signs of stress among the students and must seek professional help (which is available on campus) lest it get worse. d. professors must consider reducing the burden on the students in terms of the number of assignments and paper presentation which the student believe are mandatory to get the specializations of their choice. Rather it would make sense to have an aptitude test and interest tests at the end of the second year of college to seek the people who have the most aptitude and interest in the specific area of study. 4. Reservations a. The college must refrain from having a reservation system in place as it does not create a level playing field for all aspirants into a particular course. If St. Xaviers aims to be a world class educational institution it must aim to seek the best minds in the country, which would only be possible if all the students have the same level of aptitude, intelligence and achievement. b. Even if the college finds it absolutely essential to have a reservation system in place, in keeping with the purpose of establishment of the institution, it is necessary for them to make sure that there is a minimum cut off of marks obtained by the student in order to ensure that the best minds who are par with each other are interacting in class. It seems a little unfair when a student with 70% (as a result of the reservation system) is in the same class with the student who has scored 85% and has struggled to barely make it to the course. It would inculcate among the students a belief that hard work is essential when one aims to rub shoulders with the best in the country in a premier institution for humanities and sciences in the country. c. It would also be beneficial if St. Xaviers had an independent aptitude exam that for all aspirants to the various courses in the college. This would reduce any discrepancy if any among people coming from various boards of education and among people applying under different quotas. This creates a level playing field for all aspirants and ensures that the college has selected candidates after putting them through an in house reliable aptitude exam.

Journeys End by RC Sheriff :: English Literature

Journey’s End R.C Sheriff wrote Journey’s end in 1928. The play was written 10 years after the war had finished to let people’s emotions feelings and emotions about the war settle down. The play is set near the end of the war, in 1918, along the western front in France. Sheriff set the whole play in one setting so it is easier to stage, it personalizes it, and it creates a sense of entrapment. The whole play is set in the trenches, which are very confined, damp and cold. They were most likely inhabited by rats and the dugouts most likely smelled. The final scene is set in the dugout, at dawn just before a German attack is expected. At he beginning of the scene â€Å"There is no sound except the distant mutter of the guns.† But later on in the scene â€Å"There comes the faint whistle and thud of falling shells.† Towards the end pf the scene the noise from the shells being dropped intensifies and continues like this until the end of the play. R.C Sheriff uses comedy in the play to lighten the mood and to add relief from the depression of war. The party scene was a scene where everyone forgot about the war and started to lighten up. At the beginning of this scene the audience most likely expects the mood to be unsettled and things to be tense between the characters, this is because of the arguments that happened between the characters the night before. â€Å"Towards dawn, the candles are no longer burning.† Mason is framed in the doorway against the very lights. â€Å"There comes the rasp of a striking match-a tiny flame- and a candle gleams.† Mason the wakes Stanhope up. This depicting the way he is breaking the tension from the previous night’s argument and how he is lightening the mood, be it with a hot cup of tea or with his tactful handling of Hibbert later on. In â€Å"Journey’s End† the lighting is very important because it outlines what kind of mood different parts of the scene are. For example, at the start of Act 3 Scene 3, it is half past five on the morning the attack is expected. The lighting would be very dark, creating a depressing atmosphere. Near the end of the scene, as Raleigh is dying, â€Å"The faint rosy glow of the dawn is deepening to an angry red.† At this point the lights would slowly turn red, representing death, blood and pain. The audience think Hibbert is a coward, mainly because he tried to o home, complaining of neuralgia, when he was fine at the party, and he takes his time over everything he does.

Outsourcing Software Jobs :: Globalization

Outsourcing Software Jobs Introduction Henry is an experienced programmer for a large software company in Silicon Valley. Despite dedicating 10 years working for the company, he recently received notice that he will soon be laid-off. Before leaving, however, the company instructs him to train his replacement -- a programmer overseas. The software company realized that Henry's job duties can be achieved by overseas workers earning significantly lower wages for the same (or better) quality of work. Unfortunately, Henry is faced with the difficult decision of training his own replacement. Based on Henry's values, must he dutifully perform his instructions and train the overseas programmer? Why did the company choose to outsource the job if Henry is capable of the job's requirements and neglect his loyalty and contributions to the company? This particular example introduces the ethical issues involved with outsourcing software jobs. For the past two decades, U.S. companies have been experiencing an era of tremendous economical growth, largely due to the rapid developments in technology. Consequently, to ensure survival in a capitalistic market, U.S. companies have tried to keep pace with technological changes and competitive pressures by various means, including outsourcing software jobs. With increasing competition both domestically and internationally, U.S. companies have sent many software jobs outside the United States. This paper focuses on the outsourcing of software jobs and analyzes the "Global Workforce" -- a growing trend among U.S. companies to not only do business globally, but also employ people globally. Trends in Outsourcing Software Jobs The Internet glory years as we closed the decade (infamously known as the "Internet Bubble") could not get enough of software engineers. New graduates from American colleges and universities found themselves having multiple job offers even before graduation. Today, that phenomena is long gone. The degradation of the U.S. economy, the "lack" of supply of new American engineering graduates, and the positive impacts of outsourcing have forced U.S. companies to look overseas to enhance company talent and maximize cost efficiency. Many studies have shown that U.S. companies, especially the high-tech industry, have been outsourcing software jobs overseas to countries such as India and China. For instance, IBM, the largest computer company in the world, recently announced that they would move up to 4,730 programmers from U.S. to India [3]. According to a November 2003 report [8] by the American Electronics Association, the United States lost 540,000 jobs in the high-tech industry in 2002.

Henry James The Turn of the Screw Essay -- Henry James Turn Screw Ess

Henry James' The Turn of the Screw Peter G. Beidler informs us that there have been â€Å"hundreds† of analyses of Henry James’ spine-tingling novella, The Turn of the Screw (189). Norman Macleod suggests that James himself seems to be â€Å"an author intent on establishing a text that cannot be interpreted in a definite way† (Qtd in Beidler 198). Yet, the vast majority of analyses of The Turn of the Screw seem to revolve around two sub-themes: the reality of the ghosts and the death of Miles both of which are used to answer the question of the governess’s mental stability: is she a hero or a deranged lunatic? As Beidler points out, â€Å"It is an amazingly fine creepy, scary, soul-shuddering ghost story or, alternatively, it is an amazingly fine psychological case study of a neurotic young woman† (189). These two views of the governess seem to dominate the analytical world in terms of readings, typically being one view or the other and seldom being anything else. Unfortunately, most of the myriad readings focus only on the visible events as related by the governess. However, there is much that we are not told but that is pertinent to an accurate reading. Bruce Fleming argues that what we are not told in The Turn of the Screw is as important as what we are told (135). Wolfgang Iser suggests that there are â€Å"gaps† or holes within the sequence of the text. He further suggests that it is the reader’s responsibility to fill-in those gaps (Qtd in Beidler 226). The facts â€Å"not in evidence† are equal in importance to the information laid out before us. What happens â€Å"off-screen† or â€Å"off-stage† is just as important as what happens in front of the audience. Much of what we do not see and are not told impacts what we do see and are told so g... ...Couldn't Say.† Studies in Short Fiction 26.2 (1989): 135-143. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. BYUI Lib. 25 Oct 2005. http://search.epnet.com/. Groome, David, and Nina Grant. "Retrieval-induced forgetting is inversely related to everyday cognitive failures." British Journal of Psychology 96.2 (2005): 313-319. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. BYUI Lib. 26 Oct 2005. http://search.epnet.com/. James, Henry. The Turn of the Screw. Peter G. Beidler. Boston: Bedford, 2004. Matheson, Terence J. "Did the Governess Smother Miles? A Note on James's The Turn of the Screw." Studies in Short Fiction 19.2 (1982): 172-175. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. BYUI Lib. 25 Oct 2005. http://search.epnet.com/. Ormrod, Jeanne Ellis. Educational Psychology: Developing Learners. 5th ed. Upper Saddle River: Pearson, 2004.

Kimberly Clark Proctor Gamble Diaper Wars Essay

Competition in the diaper industry raged on as Kimberly-Clark (KC) strived to stay ahead of its main competitor, Proctor and Gamble (P&G). By the end of 1989, KC’s Huggies controlled 32% of the market share—the highest of any single product competing in the diaper market. Now facing significant financial constraints, the leader in personal care products endeavored to create product improvements that would hold market share and outperform Proctor and Gamble’s Pampers. External Analysis One political force affecting KC and the diaper industry is Congress and eleven states introducing legislation taxing, regulating or banning the sale of disposable diapers. Because disposable diapers were not biodegradable, environmentalists were concerned about millions of diapers saturating landfills and possibly contaminating groundwater. Environmentalists lobbied for diapers to be taxed or banned to prevent further environmental degradation. If laws were passed taxing or banning disposable diapers, consumers would stop buying Huggies and resort back to cloth. Possible legal restrictions severely threatened the future of the disposable diaper. A second political factor affecting Kimberly-Clark and the diaper industry is ease of entry to European and Japanese markets. Neither Japan nor European countries imposed political sanctions and foreign regulations preventing KC from entering their markets. A final example of political/legal forces affecting the diaper industry and KC is P&G unlawfully monopolizing the diaper market and violating anti-trust laws. In 1989, Pampers (Proctor and Gamble’s premium diaper line) and Luv’s (Proctor and Gamble’s mid-price diapers) together controlled 49% of the diaper market. P&G’s violation of anti-trust laws could prevent KC from having an equal opportunity to gain market share and every percentage of market share lost would cost KC $6-10 million in profit. Because diapers accounted for 37% of Kimberly-Clark’s net income, P&G’s monopolization could significantly impact KC’s future. An economic factor affecting Kimberly-Clark and the diaper industry is the increase in disposable income by women working outside their homes. The increase in disposable income allows KC and its competitors to successfully sell disposable diapers at premium prices. There are several social/cultural forces affecting KC and the diaper industry, as previously mentioned, there was an increase in consumer activism. Environmentalists and environmentally concerned customers expressed concerns over disposable diapers’ potential health risks for sanitation workers and groundwater pollutants. Also, disposable diapers received harsh criticism for not being biodegradable. Landfills contained approximately 4-5.5 billion pounds of discarded diapers—nearly five percent of total volume. Environmentalists were determined to stop further pollution, which seemed inevitably detrimental to KC and other diaper manufacturers. Another social/cultural force was an aging population. Fortunately for KC, there is a positive relationship between the number of elderly persons and the need for incontinence products. According to statisticians, 31 million North Americans were over age 65 and 10% had incontinence issues. Because Kimberly-Clark has extensive knowledge in producing diapers, feminine products, toilet paper and other paper products, they could easily create diapers for adults. A third social/cultural force is the extended amount of time children spent in diapers. The diaper extension led KC to introduce Pull-Ups, which targeted toddlers being potty-trained. Other social/cultural forces include a decrease in family size and more mothers working outside the home (mentioned above). A technological force affecting Kimberly-Clark and the diaper industry was the introduction of super-thin technology. Super-thin technology was created by using polyacrylate, a powder crystal that absorbs 50 times its weight in liquid. The introduction of super-thin technology created more shelf space for Huggies and reduced shipping costs (more diapers fit in a truck). A second technological factor is industry spending on R&D. P&G and KC spent approximately $110 million annually on Research and Development. As previously mentioned, every percent of market share gained equals $6-10 million in profit. Kimberly-Clark and its competitors worked to create breakthrough inventions that would steal customers away from Proctor and Gamble. A third technological force affecting KC and the diaper industry is patent protection. Due to heightened competiveness in the industry, P&G and KC took strenuous efforts to protect their technology from competitors. KC and P&G were extremely suspicious of one another and frequently sued over use of proprietary technologies (gains from lawsuits were negligible). Some of the political/legal, economic, social/cultural and technological forces are similar in other parts of the world. For example, a social/cultural force in Japan and Western European countries is the changing role of women. Like North America, the number of Japanese and Western European women working outside the home increased. Unlike Western and Japanese women, Southern Europe had few mothers working outside the home. A social/cultural trend in Japan that is frequent diaper changes. Japanese parents change their children twice as often as North Americans. Also, Japanese avoided the use of non-biodegradable plastics. Forces that drive industry competition are threat of new entrants, rivalry among existing firms, threat of substitute products or services, bargaining power of buyers and bargaining power of suppliers. The most important forces are rivalry among existing firms and threat of new entrants. The five forces are discussed separately below. Some factors that affect the threat of new entrants are product differentiation, capital requirements, access to distribution channels and economies of scale. Kimberly-Clark sought to differentiate itself from competitors through extensive advertising. It used coupons, commercials and product placement to convince customers that Huggies are the best diapers. It used product placement by showing customers that even baby Elizabeth in â€Å"Baby Boom† wears Huggies diapers. Successful advertising campaigns created a high barrier of entry to new firms hoping to enter the market. Another factor that prevented new competition from entering the market is high capital requirement. The machines used to produce diapers cost between $2-4 million and were several feet long. New firms that lacked capital to purchase machines would automatically be barred from competition. Access to distribution channels also affected the threat of new entrants. Retailers created their own mid-priced/lower market diapers and were often reluctant to give shelf space to competing firms (in the mid/low price segment). Retailers’ ability to earn profit margins on their own products outweighed revenue from firms purchasing shelf space. A final factor that prevented new entrants is economies of scale. Large companies, such as KC and P&G, created similar products and could take advantage of existing distribution channels, resources and facilities. Overall, threat of new entrants in favorable. Factors affecting rivalry among existing firms include the number of competitors, rate of industry growth, capacity, fixed costs, product or service characteristics and height of exit barriers. The number of firms competing in the diaper industry is relatively low. P&G and KC are the only firms competing in the premium diaper market and control 81% of market share. Other firms and retailers compete in the lower price segment; however, they target a different audience than premium diaper manufacturers. A second factor contributing to rivalry among existing firms is rate of industry growth. Because birthrate is declining, there is little market share to be gained. Therefore, market share cannot be gained unless taken away from competitors. Rivalry among competition is unfavorable. A third factor affecting rivalry is capacity. Kimberly-Clark and its competitors must operate their plants at full capacity to lower unit costs. They also have regional plants in multiple locations to reduce transportation costs. Another factor affecting rivalry is the amount of fixed costs. Diapers are expensive to produce, market and sell, as previously mentioned, machines cost between $2-4 million. Height of exit barriers also influences rivalry. Exit barriers are low. Throughout Huggies’s existence, many firms have entered and left the diaper market. For example, Johnson & Johnson, Borden, Scott and International Paper all unsuccessfully created diapers. Some factors that contribute to threat of substitute products or services are cloth diapers and two piece diaper systems. Increased environmental concerns led some customers to choose to dress their babies in cloth diapers as opposed to disposable. Initially, cloth diapers were seen as more environmentally friendly do to their reusable nature. Cloth diapers posed a serious threat to disposable diapers until KC and P&G convinced customers that cloth was more detrimental to the environment (laundering cloth diapers created ten times more water pollution). Another substitute for disposable diapers is the two-piece diapers created by Fischer-Price and Gerber. Threat of substitute products or services is somewhat unfavorable for firms in the diaper industry. Bargaining power of buyers was influenced by the buyers’ ability to integrate backwards, margins from diaper sales and brand-names. Many of the retailers that sold Kimberly-Clark’s diapers also created their own lines sold at lower prices. Another factor contributing to the bargaining power of buyers is the low profit-margins retailers made off diaper sales. Over one-third of KC’s revenue came from diaper sales. Brand loyalty decreased the bargaining power of buyers. Parents with young children may only shop at places that sell the kind of diapers their baby wears. If the retailer chooses not to sell diapers, it could lose business. Bargaining power of buyers is unfavorable for the diaper industry. Bargaining power of suppliers is affected by inability to integrate forward and technology. As previously mentioned, super-thin technology was achieved by using polyacrylate. Unfortunately for KC and P&G, only one firm, Cellanese, had a license to make polyacrylate in the United States. Substitutes for polyacrylate were not readily available, so Kimberly-Clark and its competitors were dependent upon a single firm for super-thin technology. Cellanese had significant supplier power over its buyers. It could control price increases and business deals. Although Cellanese could make polyacrylate, they did not have the ability to integrate forward. Cellanese was a chemical firm and diaper production was not one of its competencies. Inability for supplier to integrate forward is favorable for KC. The bargaining power of suppliers is unfavorable for firms in the diaper industry. When evaluating the external environment, it is important for firms to recognize opportunities and threats. Some opportunities are a large un-served mid-price market, changing demographics and priorities of North American women, Japanese markets, expansion into Southern Europe, aging population and new technology. Threats include Japanese companies consider global expansion, rising environmental concerns, saturated disposable diaper market and declining birthrate. Each opportunity and threat’s application to Kimberly-Clark is described below. Seventy-five percent of new mothers in the 1980 are working outside the home. Families began to value time over money and were more willing to pay premium prices for quality diapers. Also, the decrease in family size increased the amount of money that could be spent on diapers. This is an opportunity because it allowed KC to successfully sell Huggies at premium prices. A third opportunity for Kimberly-Clark is Japanese markets. Selling Huggies in Japanese markets is an opportunity because they had not reached the same level of maturity as North American markets. Also, as previously mentioned, Japanese babies use twice as many diapers than Americans. The Japanese market was comparable in size to the North American market. Expansion into Southern Europe is an opportunity for growth due to the low penetration levels and unsophisticated competitors. In 1989, there was no large European industry leader. KC has the potential to become the leading diaper distributer in Europe if they execut e successful marketing campaigns. An aging population is an opportunity for KC to increase its incontinence product sales. Sales for 1990 were estimated to exceed $1 billion due to the increase in people over age 65. In the future, the incontinence market is projected to become more profitable than diapers. A final opportunity for Kimberly-Clark is new technology. Utilizing and taking advantage of new technology is an opportunity because it allows KC to outperform P&G and regain market share. A threat that affects Kimberly-Clark is Japanese companies consider global expansion. Japanese expanding globally would hurt KC because Japanese diaper technology is years ahead of North American. Japanese companies, specifically KAO and Unicharm, create biodegradable diapers. Due to recent environmental concerns, KC would lose market share to Japanese companies if they penetrate the North American market. Rising environmental concerns are a threat to Kimberly-Clark because environmentalists feared potential health risks for sanitation workers and ground water contamination. They were lobbying to ban disposable diapers and pushing for consumers to use cloth diapers instead. Kimberly-Clark could lose customers to environmentally-friendly diapers if they do not create a biodegradable diaper. Another threat to KC is a saturated disposable diaper market. A saturated disposable diaper market is a threat to KC due to little growth in the diaper industry. The only market share to be gained must be taken away from competitors. A final threat to KC and the diaper industry is the declining birthrate. A declining birthrate and decrease in family size is positively related to a decrease in diaper sales.

Understanding of Poverty in Ireland Today

What is your intellect of subscribe to in Ireland straightaway? What would you find out as possible respin one cases? My understanding of mendicancy in Ireland at once is that it is multifaceted and covers a range of affable issues such as lose of didactics, social riddance and marginalisation. In the main body of this es think I testament discuss my understanding of scantiness and put forward sever al responses to these issues. I will examine how mountain with sensual disabilities and aff subject wellness problems, single p bent families, the unemployed and pieces of the travelling everyiance atomic number 18 more than susceptible to scantness.Firstly Id like to define the both main types of penury in Ireland today which atomic number 18 as follows. Consistent scantiness and secondly Relative leanness/at chance of poverty. People in uniform poverty prevail a gang of relative income poverty with relative deprivation. This substance having an income b elow 60% of the median and withal experiencing enforced deprivation. This means universe on a low income and non being subject to aff ord basic necessities such as new clothes, not having the money to vitiate food such as subject matter or fish, not being adequate to heat your position, or having to go into debt to requital ordinary household bills.Approximately 5% of tribe in Ireland fit into this class. People in Relative poverty. This means having an income that is below 60% of the median income (the median is the mid-point on the get over of incomes in Ireland). In 2010, that was an income of below 207. 57 a week for an adult. Whilst population who recall into this category may be able to pay their rent they may not be able to cover the cost of utility bills or perhaps not be able to afford to go out for a meal once a month or to introduce socially.Approximately 15% of mass in Ireland reduce into this category. According to the Combat Poverty substance the po pulate most at luck from poverty in the following fix up argon lone p bents, the unemployed, people with disabilities or intellectual health problems, children and the elderly. The effects of poverty in Ireland include social exclusion from normal activities get hold ofing to alienation preventing them from developing their skills and talents , lack of glide slope to mainstream financial service which in around cases will lead to people using illegal mone y lenders who charge igher inte lodge range which in knock over puts them in more debt, considerable term effects on their mental health leading in some cases to depression due(p) to their lack of a sense of self worth or belonging and physical health problems due to bad nutrition, inability to gain come up pay frolics, and in the case of children, intimidate at school which in round may cause depression or suicide or that they may trim d take out of school too soon. Lone parents are 3 times more liable(predicate) to be in poverty than the rest of alliance as a settlement of expensive childcare and lower levels of education which leads in swordplay to low paid pee.They find it extremely difficult to access adequate childcare which in turn means they are unable to upgrade their education. Also the financial cost of handing over from social welfare to date inhibits them. They would sustain their medical card which is a forged issue for any parent who consequently cannot afford private healthcare on a low lease. They are and so socially excluded. People with physical disabilities pick out no way to improve the caliber of their pull throughs. They may not be able to resolve at all and must(prenominal) exist on a pocketable sum given to them by the social welfare department. They similarly require home help safe to do small t subscribe tos.In many a(prenominal) cases they rely on a parent or former(a)(a) family member for this support which similarly puts the carer in a p osition where they can not work enough hours if any at all to earn a wage that would be considered adequate. This in turn leads to the carer becoming at risk of falling into poverty. These people are among the most vulnerable people in bon ton and are stuck in a poverty snare drum. They are excluded socially not only because of their physical limitations but alike because they cannot afford to do many things other(a) people take for grante d. I personally believe that cutting the payments they receive is a cruel and in humankinde thing to do.If we do not stand up for the weakest people in our fraternity then what does that say about us. People with mental health problems are also stuck in a similar situation to people with physical disabilities. They survive on a hand-to-mouth(prenominal) social welfare payment with no chance of employment or modify the quality of their lives. Again these people are stuck in a poverty trap and are among the most vulnerable people in conjunct ion. These people are also socially excluded from many activities other people take for granted which in turn can lead to exacerbation of their mental health problems.People who are unemployed live on social welfare payments. impertinent people with disabilities or mental health problems they do have the ability to work and would much select to be functional where possible. There are some organisation funded initiatives to help people in this category to up skill but unfortunately on that point are still not enough jobs to go around. People in this category may have a mortgage and/or children to support consequently they are at greater risk of falling into poverty. Members of the travelling community yield from poverty in a a few(prenominal) ways.Firstly they are stigmatized by the rest of society and find it difficult to secure employment because of bias and also because of the fact that they are moving from daub to place. Many of the children in this community leave scho ol early thus leaving them with a lack of education and furthering their risk of poverty. They also stick from a high rate of deathrate than members of the settled community. The children are often bullied in school because they are seen as various and therefore find it harder to settle into liveness at school.My responses to the above mentioned issues would be as follows Tackling any problem involves finding the reference of the problem and working from that point frontwards therefore I believe that early intervention would be a find out strategy to alleviate some of these problems. The children today will become the parents of tomorrow so I think that targeting children in schools with programmes knowing to raise awareness of the social issues knotted in poverty and to try and domesticate them to think in a more sociological way would benefit not only them as individuals but society as a whole.Putting in place more effective support networks with more government funding for people who are struggling may help to block off people moving from relative poverty to ordered poverty. For people in consistent poverty I think that they need to be helped by directly big(p) them as much aid as we can give and more significantly try to give them opportunities to help themselves. zilch wants to have to beg , most would prefer to be g iven an opportunity to prove their situation better. Raising awareness in the general community would help also.Realising that there are many complicated reasons wherefore people end up in poverty and that they are not just a bunch of lazy throw off outs would help us to empatise with them more. Also I believe that government policy should be studied in a vogue that makes sure that it does not contribute to the earth of poverty. Conclusion I have discussed in the above paragraphs my understanding of poverty in Ireland today. In the previous paragraphs I have talked about some of the different groups of people who are affecte d by poverty and also the effects it has upon them.I have also outlined a few responses to these problems. general my understanding of poverty leads me to conclude that poverty has been around and will continue to be an issue into the future despite the honest work that government and many other agencies do as it is a multiform issue with no easy solutions. furthermore in my understanding it is the way our society is organised under the capitalist material that also contributes to this problem. We are living in a society today where the cleft between the rich and poor is increasing. This is in part caused by the mechanisms of the Capitalist economy.Capitalism tends to repulse people towards poverty through pursuit to pay the lowest possible wage to an employee in return for a higher profit margin. They will also exclude a factory and relocate it to a different country where the labour rates are even l ower as it is more profitable to do so rather than keep the workers in Ir eland employed. In a capitalist system situation rights take priority over human needs. For example there are many empty houses in the so called tracing estates in Ireland and also many homeless person people but the people who own these buildings have no intention of permit the homeless make use of the buildings.This is perfectly legal in our society. Poverty also benefits capitalism because it means that there will be many who in despair will settle for any job no matter how little the wage. therefrom poverty stems from the way that capitalism works. I believe that we need to look at changing the system of government to allocate more equally the benefits of our labours. We must ask ourselves is this acceptable in our modern society with the high moral standards we expect of apiece other.

HRM 592 Week 5 Mini Paper Essay

Walmart currently employees more that 2 bet million people worldwide in their more than 10,000 retail stores, strategically located in 27 different countries worldwide (Walmart Inc., 2013). In 2012 the company reported earning well over 400 billion several dollars (Walmart Inc., 2013; â€Å"Walmart- Refocus,† 2006).Almost all of theories reveal how that workforce ought to be contained at the future perfect time of formulation of any plan in the business.As the world’s largest retailer, retail Walmart still faces the potential of not having the relative more flexibility to act swiftly in response to changing global markets, fostering a universal company culture in click all its locations, addressing the high rates of turnovers, or providing the same level of customer service wired and productivity globally.Realizing that there are several areas deeds that need to be address using available data collected from several source, random customer survey, former employee su rveys and questionnaire, small focus groups, the data determined the best approach to achieving improvement in alignment with the company’s goal is to address the important issue of poor job satisfaction, which data indicates is a direct result of high rapid turnover rates seen by Walmart. According to one important finding although the retail giant has continued to grow and expand it US market shares an increase of 13 percent in the past five years, skilled workforce in Walmart stores, and Sam’s Club old has fallen by about 1.4 percent during that same first time (Ungar, 2013).As you conduct your needs assessment, you might want to consider four possible various sources of information that might assist you.

(2013). Who’s legal right about Wal-Mart’s customer satisfaction? Retrieved from http://money.msn.com/now/post.Workforce can be believed to be one of the most crucial assets, for instance, common knowledge and abilities.com/graph/lif_wal_sto_num_of_sam_clu-stores-number-sam-s-clubs Walmart Inc. (2013). Experience Walmart’s History. Retrieved extract from http://corporate.Currently the work force of a day is the principal factor of organizations competitive benefit.

Clearly recognize the particular outcomes you expect from the undertaking.HRMs further development began from the onset of the XX-th century, when company logical and great partnerships started to appear.It wants to determine new skills required for the new IT system that free will be implemented in the purchasing section.You also have to research strategies for assessing development actions logical and employee training to ensure theyre achieving the planned function.

Therefore, organizations may need to adapt to the new position.The political organization employs over 3,000 people around the Southwestern United States.Each client good will be given a paper with shipping.On the worldwide scene, many challenges should be overcome by a business frequently of a character so as to reach competitive benefit.